Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Fabricated from Ananas comosus and Garcinia mangostana Wastes as Co-catalysts in the Production of Biohydrogen

Zainab Razali; Nor Alia Syakirah Azman; Nur Maisarah Sarizan; Nur Fazrina Samsuri; Roejhan Md Kawi; Norrizah Jaafar Sidik

doi:10.56532/mjsat.v6iS1.781

Authors

Zainab Razali Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-4084
Nor Alia Syakirah Azman Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis
Nur Maisarah Sarizan Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0129-5571
Nur Fazrina Samsuri Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis
Roejhan Md Kawi
Norrizah Jaafar Sidik Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56532/mjsat.v6iS1.781

Keywords:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Ananas comosus, Garcinia mangostana, Biohydrogen, Chronoamperometry

Abstract

The increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy sources has driven interest in biohydrogen production, particularly through environmentally friendly approaches such as the utilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from agricultural wastes. Therefore, this study focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Ananas comosus (pineapple) and Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) peel extracts as eco-friendly bioreducing and stabilizing agents, and their catalytic performance in biohydrogen production. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis spectra confirmed nanoparticle formation, with Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peaks observed between 400–460nm while FTIR analysis indicated the presence of functional groups to support the involvement of plant phytochemicals in the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs. Catalytic efficiency was evaluated via chronoamperometry and by using 0.01 M AgNO₃ as a precursor. Results showed that AgNPs synthesized with A. comosus at 0.1 g/mL exhibited the highest biohydrogen yield (0.0112ml), while G. mangostana at 0.15 g/mL also demonstrated notable hydrogen generation (0.0747ml), though the current signal displayed more fluctuations. The study concludes that both fruit extracts are effective for AgNP synthesis, with A. comosus showing superior catalytic activity. These findings confirm the viability of both fruit-derived AgNPs for catalytic applications, with A. comosus showing greater consistency and efficiency in hydrogen generation. However, further morphological characterization (e.g., SEM/TEM) and direct gas quantification are recommended for future validation.

References

Al-Zubaidi, A., Al-Amiery, A. A., & Kadhum, A. A. H. (2024). The role of silver nanoparticles in the transition to green energy and environmental remediation: A comprehensive review. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 14(2), 189–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-023-00562-4

Zhang, H., Yang, F., Zhang, Q., Hui, A., & Wang, A. (2022). Structural evolution of palygorskite as the nanocarrier of silver nanoparticles for improving antibacterial activity. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 5(8), 3960–3971. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00482

Thirumalaivasan, N., Nangan, S., Kanagaraj, K., & Rajendran, S. (2024). Assessment of sustainability and environmental impacts of renewable energies: Focusing on biogas and biohydrogen (biofuels) production. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 189, 467–485. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.06.063

Maroušek, J. (2022). Review: Nanoparticles can change (bio)hydrogen competitiveness. Fuel, 328, Article 125318. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125318

Azevedo, M. M. R., Bressan, C. R., Ferreira, L. P., Torres, C., Oliveira, Y. V. S., Nakazato, G., Souza, L. M. S., Lima, A. K. O., Garcia, M. P., Gul, K., & Taube, P. S. (2023). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel extract: Physical-chemical characterization and in vitro biological activities. Research Square. doi: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3590638/v1

Rahman, S. U., & Al-Zuhair, S. (2024). Recent advances in biological hydrogen production: A review on challenges in scaling up and economic viability. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 189(Part B), Article 113942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113942

El-Esawy, M. A., Elsharkawy, S., Youssif, M. M., Tartour, A. R., Elsharkawy, F. R., Badr, S. A. S., Elghoraby, A. M., Gad, M. E., Etman, A. E., Mahmoud, F. E., Emam, H. A., Hasan, F. A. A., Arafa, M. M., Mohamed, A. E., Elsteha, S. R., & Zabinski, P. (2023). Recent advances of green nanoparticles in energy and biological applications. Materials Today, 72, 117–139. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2023.12.001

Yusoff, M. Z., Hassan, M. A., & Shirai, Y. (2025). Integrating plant-based nanotechnology in biorefineries: Boosting biohydrogen yields through sustainable nanoparticle synthesis. Bioresource Technology, 392, Article 130012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130012

Razali, Z., Md Kawi, R., & Jaafar Sidik, N. (2022). Impact of temperature and pH on antioxidant activity of green silver nanoparticles fabricated from Ananas comosus peel extracts. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1019(1), Article 012006. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1019/1/012006

Devade, K., Singh, S., Kumar, S., Kumar, H., Prasad, B., Rao, A., & Sankhyan, A. (2024). Green nanotechnology based sustainable energy solutions and environmental impacts. E3S Web of Conferences, 511, Article 01031. doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451101031

Mikhailova, E. O. (2020). Silver nanoparticles: Mechanism of action and probable bio-application. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 11(4), Article 84. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb11040084.

Ismail, N. A., Mat, S. R., & Lazim, A. M. (2024). Valorization of Ananas comosus peel waste for the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles: Optimization of extraction parameters. Journal of Cleaner Production, 412, Article 137456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137456

Vasyliev, G., Vorobyova, V., Skiba, M., & Khrokalo, L. (2020). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using waste products (apricot and black currant pomace) aqueous extracts and their characterization. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, Article 4505787. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4505787

Fahim, M., Shahzaib, A., Nishat, N., Jahan, A., Bhat, T. A., & Inam, A. (2024). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: A comprehensive review of methods, influencing factors, and applications. JCIS Open, 16, Article 100125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jciso.2024.100125

Gao, W., Zhi, Z., Fan, S., Hua, Z., Li, H., Pan, X., Sun, W., & Gao, H. (2022). Amperometric hydrogen sensor based on solid polymer electrolyte and titanium foam electrode. ACS Omega, 7(28), 24895–24902. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c03610

Ahmadi, S., Ghorbani, H. R., & Fazeli, A. (2024). Optimization of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: The effect of precursor concentration and reaction time on Surface Plasmon Resonance. Journal of Cluster Science, 35(2), 415–428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-023-02512-y

Hussain, A., Al-Ajmi, M. F., & Rehman, M. T. (2023). Phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: A comprehensive review of the mechanism. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1275, Article 134621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134621

S. M. Abdelbasir, K. M. McCourt, C. M. Lee, and D. C. Vanegas, "Waste-Derived Nanoparticles: Synthesis Approaches, Environmental Applications, and Sustainability Considerations," Frontiers in Chemistry, vol. 8, Aug. 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2020.00782

Rahman, S. U., & Al-Zuhair, S. (2024). Recent advances in biological hydrogen production: A review on challenges in scaling up and economic viability. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 189(Part B), Article 113942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113942

Alabdallah, N. M., & Hasan, M. M. (2021). Plant-based green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its effective role in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(10), 5631–5639. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.081

Gomes, H. I. O., Martins, C. S. M., & Prior, J. A. V. (2021). Silver nanoparticles as carriers of anticancer drugs for efficient target treatment of cancer cells. Nanomaterials, 11(4), Article 964. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040964

Razali, Z., Md Kawi, R., & Jaafar Sidik, N. (2025). Elucidation study of bioavailable potential among plant-based silver nanoparticles fabricated from several local fruit peels. Scientific Research Journal, 22(1), 223–241. doi: https://doi.org/10.24191/srj.v22i1.17045

Hassan, M. F., Ibrahim, K., & Yusoff, N. (2026). Nanoparticle stability in bioreactors: The detrimental effects of overloading on catalytic efficiency and microbial synergy. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 60, 215–230.

Elerakey, N., Rasmey, A.-H. M., Aboseidah, A. A., & Hawary, H. (2024). Mathematical modeling of biohydrogen production via dark fermentation of fruit peel wastes by Clostridium butyricum NE95. BMC Biotechnology, 24(1), Article 97. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-024-00925-7